1993 APT1 Conference : Identity, tradition and change

-4- Petchburi Roads. The demand for water by these projects is so huge that it exceeds the supplies of the MWA, which is unable to increase pressure in its existing pipe lines due to the lack of available areas for pipe expansion. The government policy to lure foreign investors to Thailand has added to the complexity of the water supply crisis. Although a policy of decentralization has been adopted, in reality infrastructure is still available only in Bangkok and the major provinces. Undoubtedly, many new factories which were established during the past ten years are concentrated in and around the capital city and are beginning to extend to other surrounding areas. The highest growth rates are being witnessed in the central plain provinces. The existence of these industries means even greater demand for water from the Chao Phraya River. A large factory requires at least 1 million litres of water per month. Some specific business found predominantly in Bangkok such as massage parlovers consume very large amounts of water, while manufacturing activities and consumption have risen rapidly in conjunction with the growing population and urbanization, the available water supplies are limited. Natural water sources are contaminated by garbage and waste water from communities and factories. Many canals in Bangkok have already become open sewers. /5